core collapse · ~30 M☉ supergiant → black hole (remnant ~10–20 M☉, uncertain)r_s ≈ 3 km per M☉ · shadow ≈ 2.6 r_s
Hawking evaporation · T ≈ 4×10⁻⁹ K at 15 M☉ · timescale compressed: ~10⁷⁰ yr
exposed singularity · forbidden by cosmic censorship · beyond known physics
a black hole seeding a new universe · speculative (Smolin; Popławski)